Western Beef Resource Committee Fourth Edition

American animate being behavior scientist, author, and autism activist

Temple Grandin
Grandin in 2011
Born	Mary Temple Grandin[one] (1947-08-29) August 29, 1947 (age 74) Boston, Massachusetts, U.Southward.
Alma mater	Franklin Pierce Academy (BA) Arizona Land Academy (MS) University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (PhD)
Known for	Livestock industry consultancy Autism rights activism
Scientific career
Fields	Creature scientific discipline autism rights
Institutions	Colorado State University
Website	templegrandin.com

Mary Temple Grandin (built-in Baronial 29, 1947) is an American scientist and animal behaviorist. She is a prominent proponent for the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter and the author of more than than 60 scientific papers on beast behavior. Grandin is a consultant to the livestock industry, where she offers communication on fauna behavior, and is also an autism spokesperson.

Grandin is one of the start autistic people to document the insights she gained from her personal experience of autism. She is currently a faculty member with Fauna Sciences in the College of Agricultural Sciences at Colorado State University.

In 2010, Time 100, an annual list of the 100 most influential people in the earth, named her in the "Heroes" category.^[2] She was the subject of the Emmy- and Golden World-winning biographical film Temple Grandin. Grandin has been an outspoken proponent of autism rights and neurodiversity movements.^{[ citation needed ]}

Early life [edit]

Family [edit]

Mary Temple Grandin was born in Boston, Massachusetts, into a very wealthy family. 1 of the employees of the family was also named Mary, so Grandin was referred to by her middle proper name, Temple, to avoid confusion.^[3]

Her mother is Anna Eustacia Purves (now Cutler), an actress, singer, and granddaughter of John Coleman Purves (co-inventor of the aviation autopilot). She also has a caste in English language from Harvard Academy.^[4]

Her male parent was Richard McCurdy Grandin,^{[5] [6]} a existent manor agent and heir to the largest corporate wheat farm business concern in the U.s.a. at the fourth dimension, Grandin Farms.^[seven] Grandin'south parents divorced when she was 15, and her female parent somewhen went on to ally Ben Cutler, a renowned New York saxophonist,^[8] in 1965, when Grandin was 18 years erstwhile. Her father, Richard Grandin, died in California in 1993.

Grandin has three younger siblings: ii sisters and a brother. Grandin has described i of her sisters equally being dyslexic. Her younger sister is an artist, her other sis is a sculptor, and her brother is a broker.^{[7] [9]} John Livingston Grandin (Temple'south paternal great-granddaddy) and his blood brother William James Grandin, were French Huguenots who drilled for oil. He intended to cut a deal with John D. Rockefeller in a meeting, simply the latter kept him waiting likewise long so he walked out before Rockefeller arrived. Then the brothers went into banking and when Jay Cooke's firm collapsed they received thousands of acres of undeveloped land in North Dakota as debt collateral. They set upward wheat farming in the Red River Valley and housed the workers in dormitories. The boondocks of Grandin, N Dakota, is named after John Livingston Grandin.^{[4] [ten]}

Although raised in the Episcopal Church, early on Temple Grandin gave upwards on a belief in a personal deity or intention in favor of what she considers a more scientific perspective.^[11]

Diagnosis [edit]

Grandin was not formally diagnosed with autism until her machismo. As a ii-year-onetime, the only formal diagnosis given to Grandin was "brain damage",^{[12] [13]} a finding finally dismissed through cognitive imaging at the Academy of Utah by the fourth dimension she turned 63 in 2010.^[xiv] While Grandin was still in her mid-teens, her female parent chanced upon a diagnostic checklist for autism. After reviewing the checklist, Grandin'due south mother hypothesised that Grandin'due south symptoms were best explained by the disorder and was later on adamant to be an autistic savant.^{[12] [fifteen] [sixteen] [17] [18]}

Early on childhood [edit]

Her mother, Eustacia, took Grandin to the world's leading special needs researchers at the Boston Children's Infirmary, with the hope of unearthing an alternative to institutionalization. Grandin's female parent eventually located a neurologist who suggested a trial of speech therapy. A spoken communication therapist was hired and Grandin received personalized preparation from the age of ii and a half.^[nineteen] A nanny was hired when Grandin was anile 3 to play educational games for hours with her. Grandin started kindergarten in Dedham Country Twenty-four hours School. Her teachers and form strove to create an environment to arrange Grandin's needs and sensitivities.

Grandin considers herself fortunate to take had supportive mentors from uncomplicated school onward. Even then, Grandin states that junior high and high school were the well-nigh unpleasant times of her life.^[20]

The medical communication at the time for a diagnosis of autism was to recommend institutionalization, a measure that acquired a bitter rift of opinion between Grandin's parents.^[13] Her begetter was keen to follow this advice while her mother was strongly opposed to the idea equally it likely would have caused her to never be able to see her daughter again.

Heart school and high schoolhouse [edit]

Grandin attended Beaver Country Day School from 7th grade to ninth grade. She was expelled at the age of 14 for throwing a book at a schoolmate who had taunted her. Grandin has described herself as the "nerdy kid" whom everyone ridiculed. She has described occasions when she walked downwards the hallways and her fellow students would taunt her by saying "record recorder" considering of her habit of repetitive speech communication. Grandin states, "I could express joy most it now, but back then it really hurt."^[21]

The year after her expulsion, Grandin'southward parents divorced. Three years later, Grandin's mother married Ben Cutler, a New York saxophonist.^[8] At 15, Grandin spent a summer on the Arizona ranch of Ben Cutler'south sister, Ann, and this would become a formative experience toward her subsequent career interest.

Following her expulsion from Beaver Land Twenty-four hours Schoolhouse (reports vary on the name of the school Grandin was expelled from, with Grandin noting it to exist Cherry Falls Girls' School in her starting time book, Emergence: Labeled Autistic), Grandin's mother placed her in Hampshire State School (in early books, earlier reconnecting with Hampshire State School as an adult, Temple called the school Mountain Day School, or Mount Country Schoolhouse) https://www.hampshirecountryschool.org/ (a school founded in 1948 past Boston Child Psychologist Henry Patey for students of "exceptional potential (Gifted) that take not been successful in a typical setting" Hampshire Land School), in Rindge, New Hampshire, (source is a young man student of Temple's at HCS). At Hampshire Land School Temple was accustomed became Winter Carnival Queen and Captain of the Hockey Squad. Information technology was here that Grandin met William Carlock, a science teacher who had worked for NASA. He became her mentor and helped significantly toward edifice up her self-confidence.^[22]

Information technology was Carlock who encouraged Grandin to develop her thought to build her squeeze car when she returned from her aunt's farm in Arizona in her senior year of loftier school.^[22] At the historic period of 18 when she was even so attending Hampshire Country School, with Carlock's and schoolhouse possessor/founder Henry Patey'southward support, Grandin built the hug box.^[23] Carlock'due south supportive function in Grandin's life continued even after she left Hampshire State Schoolhouse. Equally a favor to Henry Patey, the President of the newly founded Franklin Pierce College (5 miles from Hampshire Country Schoolhouse) agreed to accept Temple every bit a pupil without the typical records and files of a typical High School educatee. When Grandin was facing criticism for her hug box at Franklin Pierce College, information technology was Carlock who suggested that Grandin undertake scientific experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the device.^[22] It was his abiding guidance to Grandin to refocus the rigid obsessions she experienced with the hug box into a productive assignment that afterwards allowed this study undertaken by Grandin to be widely cited as evidence of Grandin'south resourcefulness.

Higher education [edit]

After she graduated from Hampshire State Schoolhouse in 1966, Grandin went on to earn her available's degree in human psychology from Franklin Pierce Higher in 1970, a chief'south degree in animate being science from Arizona State Academy in 1975, and a doctoral degree in animal science from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1989.

Career [edit]

Grandin is a prominent and widely cited proponent for the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter. She is internationally famous equally a spokesperson on autism, as well.^[24]

Autism spectrum [edit]

Steve Silberman, in his book NeuroTribes, wrote that Temple Grandin helped break down years of shame and stigma because she was one of the first adults to publicly disclose that she was autistic. Bernard Rimland, a father of a son with autism and author of the book Infantile Autism, wrote the foreword to Grandin'due south first book Emergence: Labeled Autistic. Her book was published in 1986. Rimland wrote "Temple's ability to convey to the reader her innermost feelings and fears, coupled with her capacity for explaining mental processes will requite the reader an insight into autism that very few take been able to achieve."

In Developing Talents, 2nd Edition, Grandin explores many unnoticed aspects of vocational rehabilitation programs that provide job preparation and placement for people with disabilities, as well as Social Security Assistants programs that offer vocational aid.

In her afterwards book, Thinking in Pictures, published in 1995, the neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote at the end of the foreword that the volume provided "a span between our globe and hers, and allows united states to glimpse into a quite other sort of heed."

In her early writings, Grandin characterized herself every bit a recovered autistic and, in his foreword, Bernard Rimland used the term recovered autistic individual. In her later writings, she has abandoned this label. Steve Silberman wrote, "Information technology became obvious to her, nonetheless, that she was not recovered merely had learned with nifty effort to conform to the social norms of the people around her."

When her book Thinking in Pictures was written in 1995, Grandin idea that all individuals with autism thought in photographic-specific images the way she did. Past the time the expanded edition was published in 2006, she had realized that information technology had been wrong to presume that every person with autism processed information in the aforementioned way she did. In the 2006 edition, she wrote that at that place were three types of specialized thinking. They were: 1. Visual Thinkers like she is, who think in photographically specific images. 2. Music and Math Thinkers – who recollect in patterns and may be skillful at mathematics, chess, and programming computers. 3. Verbal Logic Thinkers – who recall in word details, and she noted that their favorite subject may be history.

In ane of her subsequently books, The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum, the concept of three different types of thinking past autistic individuals is expanded. This volume was published in 2013. An influential book that helped her to develop her concept of pattern thinking was Clara Claiborne Park's book entitled Exiting Nirvana: A Daughter's Life with Autism. Information technology was published in 2001. The Autistic Brain also contains an all-encompassing review of scientific studies that provide show that object-visual thinking is unlike from spatial-visualization abilities.

Grandin became well-known beyond the American autistic community, subsequently beingness described by Oliver Sacks in the title narrative of his book An Anthropologist on Mars (1995), for which he won a Polk Award. The title is derived from Grandin'southward label of how she feels around neurotypical people. In the mid-1980s Grandin offset spoke in public nigh autism at the request of Ruth C. Sullivan, one of the founders of the Autism Society of America (ASA). Sullivan writes:

I first met Temple in the mid-1980s [at the] annual [ASA] conference. Continuing on the periphery of the grouping was a tall young woman who was obviously interested in the discussions. She seemed shy and pleasant, but by and large she but listened. I learned her name was Temple Grandin. It wasn't until later in the calendar week that I realized she was someone with autism. I approached her and asked if she'd be willing to speak at the next year'southward [ASA] briefing. She agreed. The next yr Temple first addressed an [ASA] audience. People were standing at to the lowest degree 3 deep. The audience couldn't go enough of her. Here, for the first time, was someone who could tell us from her own experience, what it was like to be extremely sound sensitive ("like beingness tied to the rails and the train's coming"). She was asked many questions: "Why does my son do so much spinning?" "Why does he agree his easily to his ears?" "Why doesn't he look at me?" She spoke from her own experience, and her insight was impressive. In that location were tears in more than than ane set of eyes that day. Temple quickly became a much sought-after speaker in the autism community.^[25]

Based on personal experience, Grandin advocates early intervention to address autism and supportive teachers, who can directly fixations of the child with autism in fruitful directions. She has described her hypersensitivity to noise and other sensory stimuli. She says words are her second language and that she thinks "totally in pictures", using her vast visual memory to translate information into a mental slideshow of images that may exist manipulated or correlated.^[26] Grandin attributes her success as a humane livestock facility designer to her ability to call up particular, which is a characteristic of her visual retentiveness. Grandin compares her memory to full-length movies in her head, that may be replayed at volition, assuasive her to discover small details. She also is able to view her memories using slightly different contexts by changing the positions of the lighting and shadows.

As a proponent of neurodiversity, Grandin does not support eliminating autism genes or treating mildly-autistic individuals.^[27] All the same, she believes that autistic children who are severely disabled need therapy with applied behavioral assay.^[13] Additionally, she has claimed that she just will nourish talks given past autistics who tin can concur downwardly a career.^[28]

In March of every year, Grandin hosts a public issue at Boston University.^[29] The issue was cancelled in March 2020 due to COVID-19.^[30]

Handling livestock [edit]

In 1980 Grandin published her first two scientific articles on beef cattle behavior during handling: "Livestock Behavior as Related to Treatment Facilities Design" in the International Journal for the Written report of Animal Problems, Vol. ane, pp. 33–52 and "Observations of Cattle Behavior Applied to the Design of Cattle Handling Facilities", Applied Animal Ethology, Vol. 6, pp. nineteen–31. She was one of the first scientists to study that animals are sensitive to visual distractions in handling facilities such as shadows, dangling chains, and other environmental details that about people practice not notice. When she was awarded her Ph.D. at the University of Illinois, she studied the effects of environmental enrichment on pigs. The title of her dissertation was "Consequence of Rearing Environs and Ecology Enrichment on the Behavior and Neural Development in Young Pigs". Grandin expanded her theories in her book, Animals Make Us Human.

In 1993, she edited the first edition of Livestock Handling and Ship. Grandin wrote iii chapters and included capacity from contributors from around the world. Subsequent editions of the volume were published in 2000, 2007, and 2014. In her academic work every bit a professor at Colorado State University, her graduate educatee Bridgett Voisinet conducted ane of the early studies that demonstrated that cattle who remained calm during treatment had higher weight gains. In 1997, when the paper was published, this was a new concept. The paper is entitled, "Feedlot Cattle with Calm Temperaments Accept Higher Average Daily Gains Than Cattle with Excitable Temperaments", published in The Journal of Animal Science, Vol. 75, pp. 892–896.

Some other of import newspaper published by Grandin was, "Assessment of Stress During Handling and Ship", Journal of Animal Science, 1997, Vol. 75, pp. 249-257. This paper presented the concept that an fauna's previous experiences with handling could take an event on how it will react to being handled in the future, as a new concept in the animal-handling industry.

A major piece of equipment that Grandin developed was a heart track (double rail) conveyor restrainer organisation for holding cattle during stunning at large beef slaughtering plants. The first organization was installed in the mid-1980s for calves and a organisation for large beef cattle was developed in 1990. This equipment is now beingness used by many big meat companies. It is described in "Double Runway Restrainer Conveyor for Livestock Handling", beginning published in the Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, Vol. 4, pp. 327–338 in 1988, and "Transferring results of behavioral inquiry to industry to ameliorate beast welfare on the farm, ranch, and slaughter found", Applied Animal Beliefs Science, Vol. 8, pp. 215–228, published in 2003.

Grandin also developed an objective, numerical scoring organization for assessing animal welfare at slaughtering plants. The employ of this scoring system resulted in meaning improvements in brute stunning and handling during slaughter. This piece of work is described in "Objective scoring of animal handling and stunning practices in slaughter plants", Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 212, pp. 3–39, "The feasibility of using vocalization scoring every bit an indicator of poor welfare during slaughter", Applied Animal Behavior Science, Vol. 56, pp. 121–128, and "Outcome of creature welfare audits of slaughter plants by a major fast food company on cattle handling and stunning practices", Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 216, pp. 848–851.

In 2008, Grandin published Humane Livestock Handling ^[31] with contributions by Mark Deesing, a long fourth dimension collaborator with her. The book contains a review of the main aspects of cattle behavior and provides a visual guide in the form of construction plans and diagrams for the implementation of Grandin's ideas relating to humane livestock handling. Many of her contributions to the field of treatment livestock and the design of livestock handling systems advocated for in her books are available through her website as well.

Other scientific contributions [edit]

Grandin is the author or co-author of more 60 peer-reviewed scientific papers on a variety of other animal behavior subjects. Some of the other subjects are the upshot of pilus gyre position on cattle beliefs, the influence of stress prior to slaughter upon meat quality, religious slaughter, mothering beliefs of beef cows, cattle temperament, and causes of bruising.

Animate being welfare [edit]

Grandin has lectured widely virtually her start-hand experiences of the anxiety of feeling threatened by everything in her surround, and of being dismissed and feared, which motivates her work in humane livestock handling processes. She studied the behavior of cattle, how they react to ranchers, movements, objects, and light. Grandin then designed curved corrals she adapted with the intention of reducing stress, panic, and injury in animals existence led to slaughter. This has proved to be a further indicate of criticism and controversy among animal activists who accept questioned the congruence of a career built on creature slaughter aslope Grandin'due south claims of pity and respect for animals. While her designs are widely used throughout the slaughterhouse manufacture, her claim of pity for the animals is that because of her autism she tin see the animals' reality from their viewpoint, that when she holds an animal'south caput in her hands every bit it is existence slaughtered, she feels a deep connectedness to them.^[32]

Her business website promotes the improvement of standards for slaughterhouses and livestock farms. The squeeze machine is sold at U.s.a.$4,525 by Therafin Corporation.^[33] In 2004, Grandin won a "Proggy" honor in the "Visionary" category, from People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.^[34]

One of her notable essays about animal welfare is, "Animals Are Non Things",^[35] in which she posits that technically, animals are property in society, but the law ultimately gives them ethical protections or rights. She compares the properties and rights of owning cattle, versus owning screwdrivers, enumerating how both may be used to serve human purposes in many ways, only when it comes to inflicting hurting, at that place is a vital stardom between such "backdrop", because legally, a person tin boom or grind up a screwdriver, but cannot torture an fauna.

Her insight into the minds of cattle has taught her to value the changes in details to which animals are particularly sensitive and to employ her visualization skills to design thoughtful and humane animal-handling equipment. She was named a beau of the American Society of Agronomical and Biological Engineers in 2009.^[36]

In 2012, when the American beef industry was struggling with public perception of its utilize and sale of pink slime, Grandin spoke out in support of the food product. She said, "Information technology should be on the market. It should be labeled. Nosotros should not exist throwing away that much beef."^[37]

Grandin's piece of work has attracted the attention of philosophers interested in the moral status of animals. One view establish in the academic literature is that Grandin's method of slaughter is a meaning positive evolution for animals, but her attempts to formulate a moral defense of meat-eating have been less successful.^[38]

Temple Grandin at TED in Feb 2010

I think using animals for food is an ethical affair to do, but nosotros've got to do it right. We've got to requite those animals a decent life, and nosotros've got to give them a painless death. We owe the animals respect.
—Temple Grandin

Personal life [edit]

Grandin says that "the part of other people that has emotional relationships is not role of me", and she has neither married nor had children. She afterwards stated, for example, that she preferred the science fiction, documentary, and thriller genre of films and tv shows to more dramatic or romantic ones. Beyond her work in animal science and welfare and autism rights, her interests include horseback riding, science fiction, movies, and biochemistry.

She has noted in her autobiographical works that autism affects every aspect of her life. Grandin has to wearable comfortable clothes to counteract her sensory processing disorder and has structured her lifestyle to avert sensory overload. She regularly takes antidepressants, but no longer uses her squeeze machine,^[23] stating in February 2010 that: "It broke two years ago, and I never got around to fixing it. I'm into hugging people at present."^[39]

Honors [edit]

In 2010, Grandin was named in the Fourth dimension 100 list of the ane hundred most influential people in the earth, in the "Heroes" category.^[2] In 2011, she received a Double Helix Medal.^[xl] She has received honorary degrees from many universities including McGill University in Canada (1999), and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (2009), Carnegie Mellon University in the United States (2012), and Emory Academy (2016).^[41] In 2015, she was named an honorary beau of the Guild for Technical Communication.^[42]

In 2011, Grandin was awarded the Ashoka Fellowship.

In 2012, Grandin was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame.^[43]

In 2012, Grandin was inducted into the Texas Trail of Fame.^[44]

In 2012, she was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.^[45]

Grandin received a Meritorious Achievement Award from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in 2015.^[46]

In 2016, Grandin was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.^[47]

In 2017, Grandin was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.^{[48] [49] [50]}

In popular culture [edit]

Grandin has been featured on major media programs, such as Lisa Davis' It's Your Wellness, ABC's Primetime Live, the Today Show, Larry King Live, and Fresh Air with Terry Gross. She has been written up in Time magazine, People mag, Discover mag, Forbes, and The New York Times.^{[51] [52]} In 2012, Grandin was interviewed on Thriving Canine Radio to discuss "A Different Perspective on Animal Behavior".

She was the subject of the Horizon documentary "The Woman Who Thinks Like a Cow", first broadcast by the BBC on June 8, 2006, and Nick News with Linda Ellerbee in the spring of 2006.^[53] She also was the subject of the get-go episode in the series Starting time Person by Errol Morris.

Grandin is the focus of a semi-biographical HBO film entitled Temple Grandin,^{[54] [55]} starring Claire Danes every bit Grandin. The motion-picture show was circulate on February half-dozen, 2010. The movie was nominated for xv Primetime Emmy Awards and won 7 awards, including Outstanding Television Movie and Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Picture for Claire Danes.^[56] Grandin was on stage every bit the accolade was accepted and she spoke briefly to the audience. Coincidentally, the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards happened on Grandin's birthday – August 29. On January xvi, 2011, at the 68th Golden Globe Awards, Claire Danes won the Golden Globe Accolade for Best Extra – Miniseries or Television Film.

Grandin was featured in Beautiful Minds: A Voyage Into the Brain, a documentary produced in 2006 by Colourfield Tell-A-Vision, a German company. She was named one of 2010's one hundred near influential people in the globe by Fourth dimension magazine.^[2] In 2011, she was featured in an episode of the Science documentary serial Ingenious Minds. In 2018, Grandin was featured in the documentary This Business of Autism, which explored autism employment and the success story of autism employers such as Spectrum Designs Foundation and was produced past Mesh Omnimedia.^[57]

She as well was interviewed past Michael Pollan in his best-selling book, The Omnivore's Dilemma,^[58] in which she discussed the livestock industry.

Folk-punk ring AJJ, formerly known every bit Andrew Jackson Jihad, included two songs chosen "Temple Grandin" and "Temple Grandin As well" on their LP Christmas Isle.

In 2017, Grandin was the focus of a children's volume by author Julia Finlay Mosca titled The Girl Who Thought In Pictures, A Story of Temple Grandin.^[59]

In 2018, Grandin was profiled in the book Rescuing Ladybugs ^[60] by author and animal advocate Jennifer Skiff equally a "global hero" for "standing her footing and fighting for change after witnessing the extreme mistreatment of animals" used in farming.^[61]

Publications [edit]

• Emergence: Labeled Autistic (with Margaret Scariano, 1986, updated 1991), ISBN 0-446-67182-7
• The Learning Manner of People with Autism: An Autobiography (1995). In Teaching Children with Autism : Strategies to Enhance Communication and Socialization, Kathleen Ann Quill, ISBN 0-8273-6269-2
• Thinking in Pictures: Other Reports from My Life with Autism (1996) ISBN 0-679-77289-8
• *Developing Talents: Careers for Individuals with Asperger Syndrome and High-Performance Autism (2004). ISBN i-931282-56-0
• Animals in Translation: Using the Mysteries of Autism to Decode Fauna Beliefs (with Catherine Johnson, 2005), ISBN 0-7432-4769-eight
• The Unwritten Rules of Social Relationships: Decoding Social Mysteries Through the Unique Perspectives of Autism (with Sean Barron, 2005), ISBN one-932565-06-X
• The Way I Encounter It: A Personal Await At Autism And Asperger'south (2008), ISBN 9781932565720
• Animals Make Us Homo: Creating the All-time life for Animals (with Catherine Johnson, 2009), ISBN 978-0-15-101489-7
• The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum (with Richard Panek, 2013), ISBN 978-0-547-63645-0
• The Loving Button: How Parents and Professionals Can Help Spectrum Kids Become Successful Adults (with Debra Moore Ph.D., 2016), ISBN 978-1941765203
• Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals, Second Edition (with Mark Deesing, 2013), ISBN 978-0-12-394586-0
• Improving animal welfare: a practical arroyo (2010). ISBN 978-1-84593-541-2, CABI, UK
• Livestock handling and transport (2007). ISBN 978-1-84593-219-0. CABI, UK.
• Grandin, T. 2013. Making slaughterhouses more humane for cattle, pigs, and sheep. Almanac Review of Animal Biosciences. 1:491-512.
• Grandin, T. 2001. Cattle vocalizations are associated with handling and equipment problems at beef slaughter plants. Practical Animal Behaviour Science. Volume 71, 2001, Pg. 191–201.
• Grandin, T. 1996. Factors That Impede Creature Move at Slaughter Plants. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 209 No.4:757-759.
• Grandin, T. 1995. Restraint of Livestock. Proceedings: Animal Behaviour Design of Livestock and Poultry Systems International Conference (pages 208–223). Published by: Northeast Regional Agriculture Engineering Service. Cooperative Extension. 152 Riley – Robb Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853 USA.
• Grandin, T. 1994. Euthanasia and Slaughter of Livestock. Periodical of American Veterinarian Medical Clan. Book 204:1354-1360.
• Grandin, T. 1989 (Updated 1999). Behavioral Principles of Livestock Handling. Professional Scientist. December 1989 (pages one–xi).
• Calling All Minds: How to Retrieve and Create Similar an Inventor (2018) ISBN 1524738204

Come across also [edit]

• Animal welfare
• Brute welfare science
• Autism rights motion
• Wendy Jacob
• Societal and cultural aspects of autism
• Temple Grandin (Idiot box film)

References [edit]

1. ^ Montgomery, Sy (April 3, 2012). Temple Grandin: How the Girl Who Loved Cows Embraced Autism and Inverse the Earth . Houghton Mifflin Books for Children. ISBN978-0547443157.
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3. ^ Cutler, Eustacia (2004). A Thorn in My Pocket: Temple Grandin'due south Mother Tells the Family Story. Future Horizons. p. 204. ISBN9781932565164.
4. ^ ^{a b} Cutler, Eustacia (2004). "10". A Thorn in My Pocket: Temple Grandin'southward Female parent Tells the Family Story. Future Horizons. ISBN9781932565164.
5. ^ "Richard McCurdy Grandin". Geni.com. Archived from the original on July 26, 2018. Retrieved Apr 14, 2019.
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8. ^ ^{a b} "Ben Cutler, 96, Whose Bands Entertained the Gild Set". The New York Times. Jan 15, 2001. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved Apr xiv, 2019.
9. ^ Cutler, Eustacia (2004). A Thorn in My Pocket: Temple Grandin's Mother Tells the Family unit Story. Hereafter Horizons. p. 205. ISBN9781932565164.
10. ^ Federal Writer's Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of Northward Dakota (1990). The WPA Guide To 1930s North Dakota (2nd ed.). Country Historical Club of Northward Dakota. pp. 193–194. ISBN978-1891419140.
11. ^ Sacks, Oliver (1996). An anthropologist on Mars: Seven paradoxical tales. New York: Vintage Books: A division of Penguin Random House, LLC. p. 282. ISBN9780345805881. Archived from the original on August 18, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
12. ^ ^{a b} Grandin, Temple; Scariano, Margaret Thou. (1996). Emergence: Labeled Autistic. One thousand Central Publishing. p. 91. ISBN9780446671828.
13. ^ ^{a b c} "Interview with Temple Grandin". Jan ii, 2006. Archived from the original on November v, 2018. Retrieved Apr 14, 2019.
14. ^ Grandin, Temple (2013). The Autistic Brain . Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN978-0547636450.
15. ^ Hughes, Virginia (October xiv, 2012). "Researchers reveal first encephalon study of Temple Grandin". SpectrumNews.org. Simons Foundation. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
16. ^ Nuwer, Rachel (Oct 17, 2012). "What Makes Temple Grandin'due south Brain Special?". Smithsonian. Smithsonian Establishment. Archived from the original on Baronial 21, 2019. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
17. ^ Stix, Gary (Oct 19, 2012). "A Fiddling Hard Science from the Big Easy: Temple Grandin's Brain and Transgenic Sniffer Mice". ScientificAmerican.com. Springer Nature. Archived from the original on July 3, 2019. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
18. ^ McGowan, Kat (March 13, 2013). "Exploring Temple Grandin'southward Brain". Discover Magazine. Kalmbach Publishing. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
19. ^ White, Randall (2005). "Autism Get-go-Hand: An Expert Interview with Temple Grandin". Medscape Psychiatry. Archived from the original on September 3, 2016. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
20. ^ Grandin, Temple (1995). Thinking in Pictures: And Other Reports from My Life with Autism . New York: Doubleday. ISBN9780385477925.
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Further reading [edit]

• Oliver Sacks, An anthropologist on Mars, The New Yorker, 1993, and afterwards in An anthropologist on Mars: Seven paradoxical tales, Vintage Books, Penguin Random House, LLC, New York, 1996, ISBN 9780345805881.
• Andy Lamey, "The Creature Ethics of Temple Grandin: A Protectionist Assay", The Journal Of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, Vol. 32 Outcome 1, 2019.
• Temple Did It, and I Can Also!: Seven Elementary Life Rules past Jennifer Gilpin Yacio
• The Girl Who Thought in Pictures: The Story of Dr. Temple Grandin by Julia Finley Mosca
• How to Build a Hug: Temple Grandin and her Amazing Squeeze Machine by Amy Guglielmo
• Temple Grandin: How the Girl Who Loved Cows Embraced Autism and Changed the World by Sy Montgomery

External links [edit]

wattsuposened.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_Grandin

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